done

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/common.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+from collections.abc import Generator
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+import pathlib
+import tempfile
+
+import pytest
+
+from pandas.io.pytables import HDFStore
+
+tables = pytest.importorskip("tables")
+# set these parameters so we don't have file sharing
+tables.parameters.MAX_NUMEXPR_THREADS = 1
+tables.parameters.MAX_BLOSC_THREADS = 1
+tables.parameters.MAX_THREADS = 1
+
+
+def safe_close(store):
+    try:
+        if store is not None:
+            store.close()
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+
+
+# contextmanager to ensure the file cleanup
+@contextmanager
+def ensure_clean_store(
+    path, mode="a", complevel=None, complib=None, fletcher32=False
+) -> Generator[HDFStore, None, None]:
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdirname:
+        tmp_path = pathlib.Path(tmpdirname, path)
+        with HDFStore(
+            tmp_path,
+            mode=mode,
+            complevel=complevel,
+            complib=complib,
+            fletcher32=fletcher32,
+        ) as store:
+            yield store
+
+
+def _maybe_remove(store, key):
+    """
+    For tests using tables, try removing the table to be sure there is
+    no content from previous tests using the same table name.
+    """
+    try:
+        store.remove(key)
+    except (ValueError, KeyError):
+        pass

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/conftest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def setup_path():
+    """Fixture for setup path"""
+    return f"tmp.__{uuid.uuid4()}__.h5"

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_categorical.py

@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas import (
+    Categorical,
+    DataFrame,
+    Series,
+    _testing as tm,
+    concat,
+    read_hdf,
+)
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import (
+    _maybe_remove,
+    ensure_clean_store,
+)
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.single_cpu]
+
+
+def test_categorical(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        # Basic
+        _maybe_remove(store, "s")
+        s = Series(
+            Categorical(
+                ["a", "b", "b", "a", "a", "c"],
+                categories=["a", "b", "c", "d"],
+                ordered=False,
+            )
+        )
+        store.append("s", s, format="table")
+        result = store.select("s")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(s, result)
+
+        _maybe_remove(store, "s_ordered")
+        s = Series(
+            Categorical(
+                ["a", "b", "b", "a", "a", "c"],
+                categories=["a", "b", "c", "d"],
+                ordered=True,
+            )
+        )
+        store.append("s_ordered", s, format="table")
+        result = store.select("s_ordered")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(s, result)
+
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        df = DataFrame({"s": s, "vals": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]})
+        store.append("df", df, format="table")
+        result = store.select("df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+        # Dtypes
+        _maybe_remove(store, "si")
+        s = Series([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5]).astype("category")
+        store.append("si", s)
+        result = store.select("si")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, s)
+
+        _maybe_remove(store, "si2")
+        s = Series([1, 1, np.nan, 2, 3, 4, 5]).astype("category")
+        store.append("si2", s)
+        result = store.select("si2")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, s)
+
+        # Multiple
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df2")
+        df2 = df.copy()
+        df2["s2"] = Series(list("abcdefg")).astype("category")
+        store.append("df2", df2)
+        result = store.select("df2")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df2)
+
+        # Make sure the metadata is OK
+        info = store.info()
+        assert "/df2   " in info
+        # df2._mgr.blocks[0] and df2._mgr.blocks[2] are Categorical
+        assert "/df2/meta/values_block_0/meta" in info
+        assert "/df2/meta/values_block_2/meta" in info
+
+        # unordered
+        _maybe_remove(store, "s2")
+        s = Series(
+            Categorical(
+                ["a", "b", "b", "a", "a", "c"],
+                categories=["a", "b", "c", "d"],
+                ordered=False,
+            )
+        )
+        store.append("s2", s, format="table")
+        result = store.select("s2")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, s)
+
+        # Query
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df3")
+        store.append("df3", df, data_columns=["s"])
+        expected = df[df.s.isin(["b", "c"])]
+        result = store.select("df3", where=['s in ["b","c"]'])
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+        expected = df[df.s.isin(["b", "c"])]
+        result = store.select("df3", where=['s = ["b","c"]'])
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+        expected = df[df.s.isin(["d"])]
+        result = store.select("df3", where=['s in ["d"]'])
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+        expected = df[df.s.isin(["f"])]
+        result = store.select("df3", where=['s in ["f"]'])
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+        # Appending with same categories is ok
+        store.append("df3", df)
+
+        df = concat([df, df])
+        expected = df[df.s.isin(["b", "c"])]
+        result = store.select("df3", where=['s in ["b","c"]'])
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+        # Appending must have the same categories
+        df3 = df.copy()
+        df3["s"] = df3["s"].cat.remove_unused_categories()
+
+        msg = "cannot append a categorical with different categories to the existing"
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.append("df3", df3)
+
+        # Remove, and make sure meta data is removed (its a recursive
+        # removal so should be).
+        result = store.select("df3/meta/s/meta")
+        assert result is not None
+        store.remove("df3")
+
+        with pytest.raises(
+            KeyError, match="'No object named df3/meta/s/meta in the file'"
+        ):
+            store.select("df3/meta/s/meta")
+
+
+def test_categorical_conversion(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH13322
+    # Check that read_hdf with categorical columns doesn't return rows if
+    # where criteria isn't met.
+    obsids = ["ESP_012345_6789", "ESP_987654_3210"]
+    imgids = ["APF00006np", "APF0001imm"]
+    data = [4.3, 9.8]
+
+    # Test without categories
+    df = DataFrame({"obsids": obsids, "imgids": imgids, "data": data})
+
+    # We are expecting an empty DataFrame matching types of df
+    expected = df.iloc[[], :]
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", format="table", data_columns=True)
+    result = read_hdf(path, "df", where="obsids=B")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    # Test with categories
+    df.obsids = df.obsids.astype("category")
+    df.imgids = df.imgids.astype("category")
+
+    # We are expecting an empty DataFrame matching types of df
+    expected = df.iloc[[], :]
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", format="table", data_columns=True)
+    result = read_hdf(path, "df", where="obsids=B")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_categorical_nan_only_columns(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH18413
+    # Check that read_hdf with categorical columns with NaN-only values can
+    # be read back.
+    df = DataFrame(
+        {
+            "a": ["a", "b", "c", np.nan],
+            "b": [np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan],
+            "c": [1, 2, 3, 4],
+            "d": Series([None] * 4, dtype=object),
+        }
+    )
+    df["a"] = df.a.astype("category")
+    df["b"] = df.b.astype("category")
+    df["d"] = df.b.astype("category")
+    expected = df
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", format="table", data_columns=True)
+    result = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "where, df, expected",
+    [
+        ('col=="q"', DataFrame({"col": ["a", "b", "s"]}), DataFrame({"col": []})),
+        ('col=="a"', DataFrame({"col": ["a", "b", "s"]}), DataFrame({"col": ["a"]})),
+    ],
+)
+def test_convert_value(
+    tmp_path, setup_path, where: str, df: DataFrame, expected: DataFrame
+):
+    # GH39420
+    # Check that read_hdf with categorical columns can filter by where condition.
+    df.col = df.col.astype("category")
+    max_widths = {"col": 1}
+    categorical_values = sorted(df.col.unique())
+    expected.col = expected.col.astype("category")
+    expected.col = expected.col.cat.set_categories(categorical_values)
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", format="table", min_itemsize=max_widths)
+    result = read_hdf(path, where=where)
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_compat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import pytest
+
+import pandas as pd
+import pandas._testing as tm
+
+tables = pytest.importorskip("tables")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def pytables_hdf5_file(tmp_path):
+    """
+    Use PyTables to create a simple HDF5 file.
+    """
+    table_schema = {
+        "c0": tables.Time64Col(pos=0),
+        "c1": tables.StringCol(5, pos=1),
+        "c2": tables.Int64Col(pos=2),
+    }
+
+    t0 = 1_561_105_000.0
+
+    testsamples = [
+        {"c0": t0, "c1": "aaaaa", "c2": 1},
+        {"c0": t0 + 1, "c1": "bbbbb", "c2": 2},
+        {"c0": t0 + 2, "c1": "ccccc", "c2": 10**5},
+        {"c0": t0 + 3, "c1": "ddddd", "c2": 4_294_967_295},
+    ]
+
+    objname = "pandas_test_timeseries"
+
+    path = tmp_path / "written_with_pytables.h5"
+    with tables.open_file(path, mode="w") as f:
+        t = f.create_table("/", name=objname, description=table_schema)
+        for sample in testsamples:
+            for key, value in sample.items():
+                t.row[key] = value
+            t.row.append()
+
+    yield path, objname, pd.DataFrame(testsamples)
+
+
+class TestReadPyTablesHDF5:
+    """
+    A group of tests which covers reading HDF5 files written by plain PyTables
+    (not written by pandas).
+
+    Was introduced for regression-testing issue 11188.
+    """
+
+    def test_read_complete(self, pytables_hdf5_file):
+        path, objname, df = pytables_hdf5_file
+        result = pd.read_hdf(path, key=objname)
+        expected = df
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected, check_index_type=True)
+
+    def test_read_with_start(self, pytables_hdf5_file):
+        path, objname, df = pytables_hdf5_file
+        # This is a regression test for pandas-dev/pandas/issues/11188
+        result = pd.read_hdf(path, key=objname, start=1)
+        expected = df[1:].reset_index(drop=True)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected, check_index_type=True)
+
+    def test_read_with_stop(self, pytables_hdf5_file):
+        path, objname, df = pytables_hdf5_file
+        # This is a regression test for pandas-dev/pandas/issues/11188
+        result = pd.read_hdf(path, key=objname, stop=1)
+        expected = df[:1].reset_index(drop=True)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected, check_index_type=True)
+
+    def test_read_with_startstop(self, pytables_hdf5_file):
+        path, objname, df = pytables_hdf5_file
+        # This is a regression test for pandas-dev/pandas/issues/11188
+        result = pd.read_hdf(path, key=objname, start=1, stop=2)
+        expected = df[1:2].reset_index(drop=True)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected, check_index_type=True)

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_complex.py

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+import pandas as pd
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    Series,
+)
+import pandas._testing as tm
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import ensure_clean_store
+
+from pandas.io.pytables import read_hdf
+
+
+def test_complex_fixed(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)).astype(np.complex64),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df")
+    reread = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, reread)
+
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)).astype(np.complex128),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df")
+    reread = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, reread)
+
+
+def test_complex_table(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)).astype(np.complex64),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", format="table")
+    reread = read_hdf(path, key="df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, reread)
+
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)).astype(np.complex128),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", format="table", mode="w")
+    reread = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, reread)
+
+
+def test_complex_mixed_fixed(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    complex64 = np.array(
+        [1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j], dtype=np.complex64
+    )
+    complex128 = np.array(
+        [1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j], dtype=np.complex128
+    )
+    df = DataFrame(
+        {
+            "A": [1, 2, 3, 4],
+            "B": ["a", "b", "c", "d"],
+            "C": complex64,
+            "D": complex128,
+            "E": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0],
+        },
+        index=list("abcd"),
+    )
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df")
+    reread = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, reread)
+
+
+def test_complex_mixed_table(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    complex64 = np.array(
+        [1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j], dtype=np.complex64
+    )
+    complex128 = np.array(
+        [1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j], dtype=np.complex128
+    )
+    df = DataFrame(
+        {
+            "A": [1, 2, 3, 4],
+            "B": ["a", "b", "c", "d"],
+            "C": complex64,
+            "D": complex128,
+            "E": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0],
+        },
+        index=list("abcd"),
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.append("df", df, data_columns=["A", "B"])
+        result = store.select("df", where="A>2")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(df.loc[df.A > 2], result)
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", format="table")
+    reread = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, reread)
+
+
+def test_complex_across_dimensions_fixed(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    complex128 = np.array([1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j])
+    s = Series(complex128, index=list("abcd"))
+    df = DataFrame({"A": s, "B": s})
+
+    objs = [s, df]
+    comps = [tm.assert_series_equal, tm.assert_frame_equal]
+    for obj, comp in zip(objs, comps):
+        path = tmp_path / setup_path
+        obj.to_hdf(path, key="obj", format="fixed")
+        reread = read_hdf(path, "obj")
+        comp(obj, reread)
+
+
+def test_complex_across_dimensions(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    complex128 = np.array([1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j])
+    s = Series(complex128, index=list("abcd"))
+    df = DataFrame({"A": s, "B": s})
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="obj", format="table")
+    reread = read_hdf(path, "obj")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, reread)
+
+
+def test_complex_indexing_error(setup_path):
+    complex128 = np.array(
+        [1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j], dtype=np.complex128
+    )
+    df = DataFrame(
+        {"A": [1, 2, 3, 4], "B": ["a", "b", "c", "d"], "C": complex128},
+        index=list("abcd"),
+    )
+
+    msg = (
+        "Columns containing complex values can be stored "
+        "but cannot be indexed when using table format. "
+        "Either use fixed format, set index=False, "
+        "or do not include the columns containing complex "
+        "values to data_columns when initializing the table."
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+            store.append("df", df, data_columns=["C"])
+
+
+def test_complex_series_error(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    complex128 = np.array([1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j, 1.0 + 1.0j])
+    s = Series(complex128, index=list("abcd"))
+
+    msg = (
+        "Columns containing complex values can be stored "
+        "but cannot be indexed when using table format. "
+        "Either use fixed format, set index=False, "
+        "or do not include the columns containing complex "
+        "values to data_columns when initializing the table."
+    )
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+        s.to_hdf(path, key="obj", format="t")
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    s.to_hdf(path, key="obj", format="t", index=False)
+    reread = read_hdf(path, "obj")
+    tm.assert_series_equal(s, reread)
+
+
+def test_complex_append(setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        {
+            "a": np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(100).astype(np.complex128),
+            "b": np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(100),
+        }
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.append("df", df, data_columns=["b"])
+        store.append("df", df)
+        result = store.select("df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(pd.concat([df, df], axis=0), result)

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_errors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+import datetime
+from io import BytesIO
+import re
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas import (
+    CategoricalIndex,
+    DataFrame,
+    HDFStore,
+    Index,
+    MultiIndex,
+    _testing as tm,
+    date_range,
+    read_hdf,
+)
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import ensure_clean_store
+
+from pandas.io.pytables import (
+    Term,
+    _maybe_adjust_name,
+)
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.single_cpu]
+
+
+def test_pass_spec_to_storer(setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+        index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)], dtype=object),
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.put("df", df)
+        msg = (
+            "cannot pass a column specification when reading a Fixed format "
+            "store. this store must be selected in its entirety"
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+            store.select("df", columns=["A"])
+        msg = (
+            "cannot pass a where specification when reading from a Fixed "
+            "format store. this store must be selected in its entirety"
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+            store.select("df", where=[("columns=A")])
+
+
+def test_table_index_incompatible_dtypes(setup_path):
+    df1 = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3]})
+    df2 = DataFrame({"a": [4, 5, 6]}, index=date_range("1/1/2000", periods=3))
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.put("frame", df1, format="table")
+        msg = re.escape("incompatible kind in col [integer - datetime64[ns]]")
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+            store.put("frame", df2, format="table", append=True)
+
+
+def test_unimplemented_dtypes_table_columns(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        dtypes = [("date", datetime.date(2001, 1, 2))]
+
+        # currently not supported dtypes ####
+        for n, f in dtypes:
+            df = DataFrame(
+                1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+                columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+                index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)], dtype=object),
+            )
+            df[n] = f
+            msg = re.escape(f"[{n}] is not implemented as a table column")
+            with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+                store.append(f"df1_{n}", df)
+
+    # frame
+    df = DataFrame(
+        1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+        index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)], dtype=object),
+    )
+    df["obj1"] = "foo"
+    df["obj2"] = "bar"
+    df["datetime1"] = datetime.date(2001, 1, 2)
+    df = df._consolidate()
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        # this fails because we have a date in the object block......
+        msg = "|".join(
+            [
+                re.escape(
+                    "Cannot serialize the column [datetime1]\nbecause its data "
+                    "contents are not [string] but [date] object dtype"
+                ),
+                re.escape("[date] is not implemented as a table column"),
+            ]
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+            store.append("df_unimplemented", df)
+
+
+def test_invalid_terms(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+            columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+            index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=10, freq="B"),
+        )
+        df["string"] = "foo"
+        df.loc[df.index[0:4], "string"] = "bar"
+
+        store.put("df", df, format="table")
+
+        # some invalid terms
+        msg = re.escape("__init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'where'")
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+            Term()
+
+        # more invalid
+        msg = re.escape(
+            "cannot process expression [df.index[3]], "
+            "[2000-01-06 00:00:00] is not a valid condition"
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.select("df", "df.index[3]")
+
+        msg = "invalid syntax"
+        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError, match=msg):
+            store.select("df", "index>")
+
+    # from the docs
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    dfq = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+        columns=list("ABCD"),
+        index=date_range("20130101", periods=10),
+    )
+    dfq.to_hdf(path, key="dfq", format="table", data_columns=True)
+
+    # check ok
+    read_hdf(path, "dfq", where="index>Timestamp('20130104') & columns=['A', 'B']")
+    read_hdf(path, "dfq", where="A>0 or C>0")
+
+    # catch the invalid reference
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    dfq = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+        columns=list("ABCD"),
+        index=date_range("20130101", periods=10),
+    )
+    dfq.to_hdf(path, key="dfq", format="table")
+
+    msg = (
+        r"The passed where expression: A>0 or C>0\n\s*"
+        r"contains an invalid variable reference\n\s*"
+        r"all of the variable references must be a reference to\n\s*"
+        r"an axis \(e.g. 'index' or 'columns'\), or a data_column\n\s*"
+        r"The currently defined references are: index,columns\n"
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+        read_hdf(path, "dfq", where="A>0 or C>0")
+
+
+def test_append_with_diff_col_name_types_raises_value_error(setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 1)))
+    df2 = DataFrame({"a": np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(10)})
+    df3 = DataFrame({(1, 2): np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(10)})
+    df4 = DataFrame({("1", 2): np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(10)})
+    df5 = DataFrame({("1", 2, object): np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(10)})
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        name = "df_diff_valerror"
+        store.append(name, df)
+
+        for d in (df2, df3, df4, df5):
+            msg = re.escape(
+                "cannot match existing table structure for [0] on appending data"
+            )
+            with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+                store.append(name, d)
+
+
+def test_invalid_complib(setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+    with tm.ensure_clean(setup_path) as path:
+        msg = r"complib only supports \[.*\] compression."
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            df.to_hdf(path, key="df", complib="foolib")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "idx",
+    [
+        date_range("2019", freq="D", periods=3, tz="UTC"),
+        CategoricalIndex(list("abc")),
+    ],
+)
+def test_to_hdf_multiindex_extension_dtype(idx, tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH 7775
+    mi = MultiIndex.from_arrays([idx, idx])
+    df = DataFrame(0, index=mi, columns=["a"])
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match="Saving a MultiIndex"):
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df")
+
+
+def test_unsuppored_hdf_file_error(datapath):
+    # GH 9539
+    data_path = datapath("io", "data", "legacy_hdf/incompatible_dataset.h5")
+    message = (
+        r"Dataset\(s\) incompatible with Pandas data types, "
+        "not table, or no datasets found in HDF5 file."
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message):
+        read_hdf(data_path)
+
+
+def test_read_hdf_errors(setup_path, tmp_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    msg = r"File [\S]* does not exist"
+    with pytest.raises(OSError, match=msg):
+        read_hdf(path, "key")
+
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df")
+    store = HDFStore(path, mode="r")
+    store.close()
+
+    msg = "The HDFStore must be open for reading."
+    with pytest.raises(OSError, match=msg):
+        read_hdf(store, "df")
+
+
+def test_read_hdf_generic_buffer_errors():
+    msg = "Support for generic buffers has not been implemented."
+    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=msg):
+        read_hdf(BytesIO(b""), "df")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bad_version", [(1, 2), (1,), [], "12", "123"])
+def test_maybe_adjust_name_bad_version_raises(bad_version):
+    msg = "Version is incorrect, expected sequence of 3 integers"
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+        _maybe_adjust_name("values_block_0", version=bad_version)

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_file_handling.py

@@ -0,0 +1,517 @@
+import os
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas.compat import (
+    PY311,
+    is_ci_environment,
+    is_platform_linux,
+    is_platform_little_endian,
+)
+from pandas.errors import (
+    ClosedFileError,
+    PossibleDataLossError,
+)
+
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    HDFStore,
+    Index,
+    Series,
+    _testing as tm,
+    date_range,
+    read_hdf,
+)
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import (
+    _maybe_remove,
+    ensure_clean_store,
+    tables,
+)
+
+from pandas.io import pytables
+from pandas.io.pytables import Term
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.single_cpu]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("mode", ["r", "r+", "a", "w"])
+def test_mode(setup_path, tmp_path, mode, using_infer_string):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+        index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=10, freq="B"),
+    )
+    msg = r"[\S]* does not exist"
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    # constructor
+    if mode in ["r", "r+"]:
+        with pytest.raises(OSError, match=msg):
+            HDFStore(path, mode=mode)
+
+    else:
+        with HDFStore(path, mode=mode) as store:
+            assert store._handle.mode == mode
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    # context
+    if mode in ["r", "r+"]:
+        with pytest.raises(OSError, match=msg):
+            with HDFStore(path, mode=mode) as store:
+                pass
+    else:
+        with HDFStore(path, mode=mode) as store:
+            assert store._handle.mode == mode
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    # conv write
+    if mode in ["r", "r+"]:
+        with pytest.raises(OSError, match=msg):
+            df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode=mode)
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="w")
+    else:
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode=mode)
+
+    # conv read
+    if mode in ["w"]:
+        msg = (
+            "mode w is not allowed while performing a read. "
+            r"Allowed modes are r, r\+ and a."
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            read_hdf(path, "df", mode=mode)
+    else:
+        result = read_hdf(path, "df", mode=mode)
+        if using_infer_string:
+            df.columns = df.columns.astype("str")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+
+def test_default_mode(tmp_path, setup_path, using_infer_string):
+    # read_hdf uses default mode
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+        index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=10, freq="B"),
+    )
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="w")
+    result = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    expected = df.copy()
+    if using_infer_string:
+        expected.columns = expected.columns.astype("str")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_reopen_handle(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    store = HDFStore(path, mode="a")
+    store["a"] = Series(
+        np.arange(10, dtype=np.float64), index=date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+    )
+
+    msg = (
+        r"Re-opening the file \[[\S]*\] with mode \[a\] will delete the "
+        "current file!"
+    )
+    # invalid mode change
+    with pytest.raises(PossibleDataLossError, match=msg):
+        store.open("w")
+
+    store.close()
+    assert not store.is_open
+
+    # truncation ok here
+    store.open("w")
+    assert store.is_open
+    assert len(store) == 0
+    store.close()
+    assert not store.is_open
+
+    store = HDFStore(path, mode="a")
+    store["a"] = Series(
+        np.arange(10, dtype=np.float64), index=date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+    )
+
+    # reopen as read
+    store.open("r")
+    assert store.is_open
+    assert len(store) == 1
+    assert store._mode == "r"
+    store.close()
+    assert not store.is_open
+
+    # reopen as append
+    store.open("a")
+    assert store.is_open
+    assert len(store) == 1
+    assert store._mode == "a"
+    store.close()
+    assert not store.is_open
+
+    # reopen as append (again)
+    store.open("a")
+    assert store.is_open
+    assert len(store) == 1
+    assert store._mode == "a"
+    store.close()
+    assert not store.is_open
+
+
+def test_open_args(setup_path, using_infer_string):
+    with tm.ensure_clean(setup_path) as path:
+        df = DataFrame(
+            1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+            columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+            index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)], dtype=object),
+        )
+
+        # create an in memory store
+        store = HDFStore(
+            path, mode="a", driver="H5FD_CORE", driver_core_backing_store=0
+        )
+        store["df"] = df
+        store.append("df2", df)
+
+        expected = df.copy()
+        if using_infer_string:
+            expected.index = expected.index.astype("str")
+            expected.columns = expected.columns.astype("str")
+
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["df"], expected)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["df2"], expected)
+
+        store.close()
+
+    # the file should not have actually been written
+    assert not os.path.exists(path)
+
+
+def test_flush(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store["a"] = Series(range(5))
+        store.flush()
+        store.flush(fsync=True)
+
+
+def test_complibs_default_settings(tmp_path, setup_path, using_infer_string):
+    # GH15943
+    df = DataFrame(
+        1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+        index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)], dtype=object),
+    )
+
+    # Set complevel and check if complib is automatically set to
+    # default value
+    tmpfile = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(tmpfile, key="df", complevel=9)
+    result = read_hdf(tmpfile, "df")
+    expected = df.copy()
+    if using_infer_string:
+        expected.index = expected.index.astype("str")
+        expected.columns = expected.columns.astype("str")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    with tables.open_file(tmpfile, mode="r") as h5file:
+        for node in h5file.walk_nodes(where="/df", classname="Leaf"):
+            assert node.filters.complevel == 9
+            assert node.filters.complib == "zlib"
+
+    # Set complib and check to see if compression is disabled
+    tmpfile = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(tmpfile, key="df", complib="zlib")
+    result = read_hdf(tmpfile, "df")
+    expected = df.copy()
+    if using_infer_string:
+        expected.index = expected.index.astype("str")
+        expected.columns = expected.columns.astype("str")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    with tables.open_file(tmpfile, mode="r") as h5file:
+        for node in h5file.walk_nodes(where="/df", classname="Leaf"):
+            assert node.filters.complevel == 0
+            assert node.filters.complib is None
+
+    # Check if not setting complib or complevel results in no compression
+    tmpfile = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(tmpfile, key="df")
+    result = read_hdf(tmpfile, "df")
+    expected = df.copy()
+    if using_infer_string:
+        expected.index = expected.index.astype("str")
+        expected.columns = expected.columns.astype("str")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    with tables.open_file(tmpfile, mode="r") as h5file:
+        for node in h5file.walk_nodes(where="/df", classname="Leaf"):
+            assert node.filters.complevel == 0
+            assert node.filters.complib is None
+
+
+def test_complibs_default_settings_override(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # Check if file-defaults can be overridden on a per table basis
+    df = DataFrame(
+        1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+        index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)], dtype=object),
+    )
+    tmpfile = tmp_path / setup_path
+    store = HDFStore(tmpfile)
+    store.append("dfc", df, complevel=9, complib="blosc")
+    store.append("df", df)
+    store.close()
+
+    with tables.open_file(tmpfile, mode="r") as h5file:
+        for node in h5file.walk_nodes(where="/df", classname="Leaf"):
+            assert node.filters.complevel == 0
+            assert node.filters.complib is None
+        for node in h5file.walk_nodes(where="/dfc", classname="Leaf"):
+            assert node.filters.complevel == 9
+            assert node.filters.complib == "blosc"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("lvl", range(10))
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("lib", tables.filters.all_complibs)
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:object name is not a valid")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not PY311 and is_ci_environment() and is_platform_linux(),
+    reason="Segfaulting in a CI environment"
+    # with xfail, would sometimes raise UnicodeDecodeError
+    # invalid state byte
+)
+def test_complibs(tmp_path, lvl, lib, request):
+    # GH14478
+    if PY311 and is_platform_linux() and lib == "blosc2" and lvl != 0:
+        request.applymarker(
+            pytest.mark.xfail(reason=f"Fails for {lib} on Linux and PY > 3.11")
+        )
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.ones((30, 4)), columns=list("ABCD"), index=np.arange(30).astype(np.str_)
+    )
+
+    # Remove lzo if its not available on this platform
+    if not tables.which_lib_version("lzo"):
+        pytest.skip("lzo not available")
+    # Remove bzip2 if its not available on this platform
+    if not tables.which_lib_version("bzip2"):
+        pytest.skip("bzip2 not available")
+
+    tmpfile = tmp_path / f"{lvl}_{lib}.h5"
+    gname = f"{lvl}_{lib}"
+
+    # Write and read file to see if data is consistent
+    df.to_hdf(tmpfile, key=gname, complib=lib, complevel=lvl)
+    result = read_hdf(tmpfile, gname)
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+    # Open file and check metadata for correct amount of compression
+    with tables.open_file(tmpfile, mode="r") as h5table:
+        for node in h5table.walk_nodes(where="/" + gname, classname="Leaf"):
+            assert node.filters.complevel == lvl
+            if lvl == 0:
+                assert node.filters.complib is None
+            else:
+                assert node.filters.complib == lib
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not is_platform_little_endian(), reason="reason platform is not little endian"
+)
+def test_encoding(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        df = DataFrame({"A": "foo", "B": "bar"}, index=range(5))
+        df.loc[2, "A"] = np.nan
+        df.loc[3, "B"] = np.nan
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        store.append("df", df, encoding="ascii")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["df"], df)
+
+        expected = df.reindex(columns=["A"])
+        result = store.select("df", Term("columns=A", encoding="ascii"))
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "val",
+    [
+        [b"E\xc9, 17", b"", b"a", b"b", b"c"],
+        [b"E\xc9, 17", b"a", b"b", b"c"],
+        [b"EE, 17", b"", b"a", b"b", b"c"],
+        [b"E\xc9, 17", b"\xf8\xfc", b"a", b"b", b"c"],
+        [b"", b"a", b"b", b"c"],
+        [b"\xf8\xfc", b"a", b"b", b"c"],
+        [b"A\xf8\xfc", b"", b"a", b"b", b"c"],
+        [np.nan, b"", b"b", b"c"],
+        [b"A\xf8\xfc", np.nan, b"", b"b", b"c"],
+    ],
+)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["category", None])
+def test_latin_encoding(tmp_path, setup_path, dtype, val):
+    enc = "latin-1"
+    nan_rep = ""
+    key = "data"
+
+    val = [x.decode(enc) if isinstance(x, bytes) else x for x in val]
+    ser = Series(val, dtype=dtype)
+
+    store = tmp_path / setup_path
+    ser.to_hdf(store, key=key, format="table", encoding=enc, nan_rep=nan_rep)
+    retr = read_hdf(store, key)
+
+    # TODO:(3.0): once Categorical replace deprecation is enforced,
+    #  we may be able to re-simplify the construction of s_nan
+    if dtype == "category":
+        if nan_rep in ser.cat.categories:
+            s_nan = ser.cat.remove_categories([nan_rep])
+        else:
+            s_nan = ser
+    else:
+        s_nan = ser.replace(nan_rep, np.nan)
+
+    tm.assert_series_equal(s_nan, retr)
+
+
+def test_multiple_open_close(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # gh-4409: open & close multiple times
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    df = DataFrame(
+        1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+        index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)], dtype=object),
+    )
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="w", format="table")
+
+    # single
+    store = HDFStore(path)
+    assert "CLOSED" not in store.info()
+    assert store.is_open
+
+    store.close()
+    assert "CLOSED" in store.info()
+    assert not store.is_open
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    if pytables._table_file_open_policy_is_strict:
+        # multiples
+        store1 = HDFStore(path)
+        msg = (
+            r"The file [\S]* is already opened\.  Please close it before "
+            r"reopening in write mode\."
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            HDFStore(path)
+
+        store1.close()
+    else:
+        # multiples
+        store1 = HDFStore(path)
+        store2 = HDFStore(path)
+
+        assert "CLOSED" not in store1.info()
+        assert "CLOSED" not in store2.info()
+        assert store1.is_open
+        assert store2.is_open
+
+        store1.close()
+        assert "CLOSED" in store1.info()
+        assert not store1.is_open
+        assert "CLOSED" not in store2.info()
+        assert store2.is_open
+
+        store2.close()
+        assert "CLOSED" in store1.info()
+        assert "CLOSED" in store2.info()
+        assert not store1.is_open
+        assert not store2.is_open
+
+        # nested close
+        store = HDFStore(path, mode="w")
+        store.append("df", df)
+
+        store2 = HDFStore(path)
+        store2.append("df2", df)
+        store2.close()
+        assert "CLOSED" in store2.info()
+        assert not store2.is_open
+
+        store.close()
+        assert "CLOSED" in store.info()
+        assert not store.is_open
+
+        # double closing
+        store = HDFStore(path, mode="w")
+        store.append("df", df)
+
+        store2 = HDFStore(path)
+        store.close()
+        assert "CLOSED" in store.info()
+        assert not store.is_open
+
+        store2.close()
+        assert "CLOSED" in store2.info()
+        assert not store2.is_open
+
+    # ops on a closed store
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    df = DataFrame(
+        1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+        index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)], dtype=object),
+    )
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="w", format="table")
+
+    store = HDFStore(path)
+    store.close()
+
+    msg = r"[\S]* file is not open!"
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        store.keys()
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        "df" in store
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        len(store)
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        store["df"]
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        store.select("df")
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        store.get("df")
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        store.append("df2", df)
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        store.put("df3", df)
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        store.get_storer("df2")
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        store.remove("df2")
+
+    with pytest.raises(ClosedFileError, match=msg):
+        store.select("df")
+
+    msg = "'HDFStore' object has no attribute 'df'"
+    with pytest.raises(AttributeError, match=msg):
+        store.df
+
+
+def test_fspath():
+    with tm.ensure_clean("foo.h5") as path:
+        with HDFStore(path) as store:
+            assert os.fspath(store) == str(path)

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_keys.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    HDFStore,
+    Index,
+    Series,
+    date_range,
+)
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import (
+    ensure_clean_store,
+    tables,
+)
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.single_cpu]
+
+
+def test_keys(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store["a"] = Series(
+            np.arange(10, dtype=np.float64), index=date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+        )
+        store["b"] = Series(
+            range(10), dtype="float64", index=[f"i_{i}" for i in range(10)]
+        )
+        store["c"] = DataFrame(
+            1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+            columns=Index(list("ABCD"), dtype=object),
+            index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)], dtype=object),
+        )
+
+        assert len(store) == 3
+        expected = {"/a", "/b", "/c"}
+        assert set(store.keys()) == expected
+        assert set(store) == expected
+
+
+def test_non_pandas_keys(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    class Table1(tables.IsDescription):
+        value1 = tables.Float32Col()
+
+    class Table2(tables.IsDescription):
+        value2 = tables.Float32Col()
+
+    class Table3(tables.IsDescription):
+        value3 = tables.Float32Col()
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    with tables.open_file(path, mode="w") as h5file:
+        group = h5file.create_group("/", "group")
+        h5file.create_table(group, "table1", Table1, "Table 1")
+        h5file.create_table(group, "table2", Table2, "Table 2")
+        h5file.create_table(group, "table3", Table3, "Table 3")
+    with HDFStore(path) as store:
+        assert len(store.keys(include="native")) == 3
+        expected = {"/group/table1", "/group/table2", "/group/table3"}
+        assert set(store.keys(include="native")) == expected
+        assert set(store.keys(include="pandas")) == set()
+        for name in expected:
+            df = store.get(name)
+            assert len(df.columns) == 1
+
+
+def test_keys_illegal_include_keyword_value(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        with pytest.raises(
+            ValueError,
+            match="`include` should be either 'pandas' or 'native' but is 'illegal'",
+        ):
+            store.keys(include="illegal")
+
+
+def test_keys_ignore_hdf_softlink(setup_path):
+    # GH 20523
+    # Puts a softlink into HDF file and rereads
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        df = DataFrame({"A": range(5), "B": range(5)})
+        store.put("df", df)
+
+        assert store.keys() == ["/df"]
+
+        store._handle.create_soft_link(store._handle.root, "symlink", "df")
+
+        # Should ignore the softlink
+        assert store.keys() == ["/df"]

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_put.py

@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+import re
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas._libs.tslibs import Timestamp
+
+import pandas as pd
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    HDFStore,
+    Index,
+    MultiIndex,
+    Series,
+    _testing as tm,
+    concat,
+    date_range,
+)
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import (
+    _maybe_remove,
+    ensure_clean_store,
+)
+from pandas.util import _test_decorators as td
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.single_cpu]
+
+
+def test_format_type(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame({"A": [1, 2]})
+    with HDFStore(tmp_path / setup_path) as store:
+        store.put("a", df, format="fixed")
+        store.put("b", df, format="table")
+
+        assert store.get_storer("a").format_type == "fixed"
+        assert store.get_storer("b").format_type == "table"
+
+
+def test_format_kwarg_in_constructor(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH 13291
+
+    msg = "format is not a defined argument for HDFStore"
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+        HDFStore(tmp_path / setup_path, format="table")
+
+
+def test_api_default_format(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # default_format option
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        df = DataFrame(
+            1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+            columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+            index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)]),
+        )
+
+        with pd.option_context("io.hdf.default_format", "fixed"):
+            _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+            store.put("df", df)
+            assert not store.get_storer("df").is_table
+
+            msg = "Can only append to Tables"
+            with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+                store.append("df2", df)
+
+        with pd.option_context("io.hdf.default_format", "table"):
+            _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+            store.put("df", df)
+            assert store.get_storer("df").is_table
+
+            _maybe_remove(store, "df2")
+            store.append("df2", df)
+            assert store.get_storer("df").is_table
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df = DataFrame(
+        1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+        index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)]),
+    )
+
+    with pd.option_context("io.hdf.default_format", "fixed"):
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df")
+        with HDFStore(path) as store:
+            assert not store.get_storer("df").is_table
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            df.to_hdf(path, key="df2", append=True)
+
+    with pd.option_context("io.hdf.default_format", "table"):
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df3")
+        with HDFStore(path) as store:
+            assert store.get_storer("df3").is_table
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df4", append=True)
+        with HDFStore(path) as store:
+            assert store.get_storer("df4").is_table
+
+
+def test_put(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        ts = Series(
+            np.arange(10, dtype=np.float64), index=date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+        )
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((20, 4)),
+            columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+            index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=20, freq="B"),
+        )
+        store["a"] = ts
+        store["b"] = df[:10]
+        store["foo/bar/bah"] = df[:10]
+        store["foo"] = df[:10]
+        store["/foo"] = df[:10]
+        store.put("c", df[:10], format="table")
+
+        # not OK, not a table
+        msg = "Can only append to Tables"
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.put("b", df[10:], append=True)
+
+        # node does not currently exist, test _is_table_type returns False
+        # in this case
+        _maybe_remove(store, "f")
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.put("f", df[10:], append=True)
+
+        # can't put to a table (use append instead)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.put("c", df[10:], append=True)
+
+        # overwrite table
+        store.put("c", df[:10], format="table", append=False)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(df[:10], store["c"])
+
+
+def test_put_string_index(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        index = Index([f"I am a very long string index: {i}" for i in range(20)])
+        s = Series(np.arange(20), index=index)
+        df = DataFrame({"A": s, "B": s})
+
+        store["a"] = s
+        tm.assert_series_equal(store["a"], s)
+
+        store["b"] = df
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["b"], df)
+
+        # mixed length
+        index = Index(
+            ["abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890"]
+            + [f"I am a very long string index: {i}" for i in range(20)]
+        )
+        s = Series(np.arange(21), index=index)
+        df = DataFrame({"A": s, "B": s})
+        store["a"] = s
+        tm.assert_series_equal(store["a"], s)
+
+        store["b"] = df
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["b"], df)
+
+
+def test_put_compression(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+            columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+            index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=10, freq="B"),
+        )
+
+        store.put("c", df, format="table", complib="zlib")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["c"], df)
+
+        # can't compress if format='fixed'
+        msg = "Compression not supported on Fixed format stores"
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.put("b", df, format="fixed", complib="zlib")
+
+
+@td.skip_if_windows
+def test_put_compression_blosc(setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+        index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=10, freq="B"),
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        # can't compress if format='fixed'
+        msg = "Compression not supported on Fixed format stores"
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.put("b", df, format="fixed", complib="blosc")
+
+        store.put("c", df, format="table", complib="blosc")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["c"], df)
+
+
+def test_put_datetime_ser(setup_path):
+    # https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/60663
+    ser = Series(3 * [Timestamp("20010102").as_unit("ns")])
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.put("ser", ser)
+        expected = ser.copy()
+        result = store.get("ser")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_put_mixed_type(setup_path, using_infer_string):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+        index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=10, freq="B"),
+    )
+    df["obj1"] = "foo"
+    df["obj2"] = "bar"
+    df["bool1"] = df["A"] > 0
+    df["bool2"] = df["B"] > 0
+    df["bool3"] = True
+    df["int1"] = 1
+    df["int2"] = 2
+    df["timestamp1"] = Timestamp("20010102").as_unit("ns")
+    df["timestamp2"] = Timestamp("20010103").as_unit("ns")
+    df["datetime1"] = Timestamp("20010102").as_unit("ns")
+    df["datetime2"] = Timestamp("20010103").as_unit("ns")
+    df.loc[df.index[3:6], ["obj1"]] = np.nan
+    df = df._consolidate()
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+
+        warning = None if using_infer_string else pd.errors.PerformanceWarning
+        with tm.assert_produces_warning(warning):
+            store.put("df", df)
+
+        expected = store.get("df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(expected, df)
+
+
+def test_put_str_frame(setup_path, string_dtype_arguments):
+    # https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/60663
+    dtype = pd.StringDtype(*string_dtype_arguments)
+    df = DataFrame({"a": pd.array(["x", pd.NA, "y"], dtype=dtype)})
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+
+        store.put("df", df)
+        expected_dtype = "str" if dtype.na_value is np.nan else "string"
+        expected = df.astype(expected_dtype)
+        result = store.get("df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_put_str_series(setup_path, string_dtype_arguments):
+    # https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/60663
+    dtype = pd.StringDtype(*string_dtype_arguments)
+    ser = Series(["x", pd.NA, "y"], dtype=dtype)
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+
+        store.put("ser", ser)
+        expected_dtype = "str" if dtype.na_value is np.nan else "string"
+        expected = ser.astype(expected_dtype)
+        result = store.get("ser")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("format", ["table", "fixed"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "index",
+    [
+        Index([str(i) for i in range(10)]),
+        Index(np.arange(10, dtype=float)),
+        Index(np.arange(10)),
+        date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10),
+        pd.period_range("2020-01-01", periods=10),
+    ],
+)
+def test_store_index_types(setup_path, format, index):
+    # GH5386
+    # test storing various index types
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 2)),
+            columns=list("AB"),
+            index=index,
+        )
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        store.put("df", df, format=format)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(df, store["df"])
+
+
+def test_column_multiindex(setup_path, using_infer_string):
+    # GH 4710
+    # recreate multi-indexes properly
+
+    index = MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+        [("A", "a"), ("A", "b"), ("B", "a"), ("B", "b")], names=["first", "second"]
+    )
+    df = DataFrame(np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4), columns=index)
+    expected = df.set_axis(df.index.to_numpy())
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        if using_infer_string:
+            # TODO(infer_string) make this work for string dtype
+            msg = "Saving a MultiIndex with an extension dtype is not supported."
+            with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=msg):
+                store.put("df", df)
+            return
+        store.put("df", df)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(
+            store["df"], expected, check_index_type=True, check_column_type=True
+        )
+
+        store.put("df1", df, format="table")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(
+            store["df1"], expected, check_index_type=True, check_column_type=True
+        )
+
+        msg = re.escape("cannot use a multi-index on axis [1] with data_columns ['A']")
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.put("df2", df, format="table", data_columns=["A"])
+        msg = re.escape("cannot use a multi-index on axis [1] with data_columns True")
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.put("df3", df, format="table", data_columns=True)
+
+    # appending multi-column on existing table (see GH 6167)
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.append("df2", df)
+        store.append("df2", df)
+
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["df2"], concat((df, df)))
+
+    # non_index_axes name
+    df = DataFrame(np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4), columns=Index(list("ABCD"), name="foo"))
+    expected = df.set_axis(df.index.to_numpy())
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.put("df1", df, format="table")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(
+            store["df1"], expected, check_index_type=True, check_column_type=True
+        )
+
+
+def test_store_multiindex(setup_path):
+    # validate multi-index names
+    # GH 5527
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+
+        def make_index(names=None):
+            dti = date_range("2013-12-01", "2013-12-02")
+            mi = MultiIndex.from_product([dti, range(2), range(3)], names=names)
+            return mi
+
+        # no names
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        df = DataFrame(np.zeros((12, 2)), columns=["a", "b"], index=make_index())
+        store.append("df", df)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store.select("df"), df)
+
+        # partial names
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.zeros((12, 2)),
+            columns=["a", "b"],
+            index=make_index(["date", None, None]),
+        )
+        store.append("df", df)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store.select("df"), df)
+
+        # series
+        _maybe_remove(store, "ser")
+        ser = Series(np.zeros(12), index=make_index(["date", None, None]))
+        store.append("ser", ser)
+        xp = Series(np.zeros(12), index=make_index(["date", "level_1", "level_2"]))
+        tm.assert_series_equal(store.select("ser"), xp)
+
+        # dup with column
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.zeros((12, 2)),
+            columns=["a", "b"],
+            index=make_index(["date", "a", "t"]),
+        )
+        msg = "duplicate names/columns in the multi-index when storing as a table"
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.append("df", df)
+
+        # dup within level
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.zeros((12, 2)),
+            columns=["a", "b"],
+            index=make_index(["date", "date", "date"]),
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.append("df", df)
+
+        # fully names
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.zeros((12, 2)),
+            columns=["a", "b"],
+            index=make_index(["date", "s", "t"]),
+        )
+        store.append("df", df)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store.select("df"), df)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("format", ["fixed", "table"])
+def test_store_periodindex(tmp_path, setup_path, format):
+    # GH 7796
+    # test of PeriodIndex in HDFStore
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((5, 1)),
+        index=pd.period_range("20220101", freq="M", periods=5),
+    )
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="w", format=format)
+    expected = pd.read_hdf(path, "df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, expected)

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_pytables_missing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import pytest
+
+import pandas.util._test_decorators as td
+
+import pandas as pd
+import pandas._testing as tm
+
+
+@td.skip_if_installed("tables")
+def test_pytables_raises():
+    df = pd.DataFrame({"A": [1, 2]})
+    with pytest.raises(ImportError, match="tables"):
+        with tm.ensure_clean("foo.h5") as path:
+            df.to_hdf(path, key="df")

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_read.py

@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
+from contextlib import closing
+from pathlib import Path
+import re
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas._libs.tslibs import Timestamp
+from pandas.compat import is_platform_windows
+
+import pandas as pd
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    HDFStore,
+    Index,
+    Series,
+    _testing as tm,
+    date_range,
+    read_hdf,
+)
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import (
+    _maybe_remove,
+    ensure_clean_store,
+)
+from pandas.util import _test_decorators as td
+
+from pandas.io.pytables import TableIterator
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.single_cpu]
+
+
+def test_read_missing_key_close_store(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH 25766
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df = DataFrame({"a": range(2), "b": range(2)})
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="k1")
+
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="'No object named k2 in the file'"):
+        read_hdf(path, "k2")
+
+    # smoke test to test that file is properly closed after
+    # read with KeyError before another write
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="k2")
+
+
+def test_read_index_error_close_store(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH 25766
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df = DataFrame({"A": [], "B": []}, index=[])
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="k1")
+
+    with pytest.raises(IndexError, match=r"list index out of range"):
+        read_hdf(path, "k1", stop=0)
+
+    # smoke test to test that file is properly closed after
+    # read with IndexError before another write
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="k1")
+
+
+def test_read_missing_key_opened_store(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH 28699
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df = DataFrame({"a": range(2), "b": range(2)})
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="k1")
+
+    with HDFStore(path, "r") as store:
+        with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="'No object named k2 in the file'"):
+            read_hdf(store, "k2")
+
+        # Test that the file is still open after a KeyError and that we can
+        # still read from it.
+        read_hdf(store, "k1")
+
+
+def test_read_column(setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+        index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=10, freq="B"),
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+
+        # GH 17912
+        # HDFStore.select_column should raise a KeyError
+        # exception if the key is not a valid store
+        with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="No object named df in the file"):
+            store.select_column("df", "index")
+
+        store.append("df", df)
+        # error
+        with pytest.raises(
+            KeyError, match=re.escape("'column [foo] not found in the table'")
+        ):
+            store.select_column("df", "foo")
+
+        msg = re.escape("select_column() got an unexpected keyword argument 'where'")
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+            store.select_column("df", "index", where=["index>5"])
+
+        # valid
+        result = store.select_column("df", "index")
+        tm.assert_almost_equal(result.values, Series(df.index).values)
+        assert isinstance(result, Series)
+
+        # not a data indexable column
+        msg = re.escape(
+            "column [values_block_0] can not be extracted individually; "
+            "it is not data indexable"
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.select_column("df", "values_block_0")
+
+        # a data column
+        df2 = df.copy()
+        df2["string"] = "foo"
+        store.append("df2", df2, data_columns=["string"])
+        result = store.select_column("df2", "string")
+        tm.assert_almost_equal(result.values, df2["string"].values)
+
+        # a data column with NaNs, result excludes the NaNs
+        df3 = df.copy()
+        df3["string"] = "foo"
+        df3.loc[df3.index[4:6], "string"] = np.nan
+        store.append("df3", df3, data_columns=["string"])
+        result = store.select_column("df3", "string")
+        tm.assert_almost_equal(result.values, df3["string"].values)
+
+        # start/stop
+        result = store.select_column("df3", "string", start=2)
+        tm.assert_almost_equal(result.values, df3["string"].values[2:])
+
+        result = store.select_column("df3", "string", start=-2)
+        tm.assert_almost_equal(result.values, df3["string"].values[-2:])
+
+        result = store.select_column("df3", "string", stop=2)
+        tm.assert_almost_equal(result.values, df3["string"].values[:2])
+
+        result = store.select_column("df3", "string", stop=-2)
+        tm.assert_almost_equal(result.values, df3["string"].values[:-2])
+
+        result = store.select_column("df3", "string", start=2, stop=-2)
+        tm.assert_almost_equal(result.values, df3["string"].values[2:-2])
+
+        result = store.select_column("df3", "string", start=-2, stop=2)
+        tm.assert_almost_equal(result.values, df3["string"].values[-2:2])
+
+        # GH 10392 - make sure column name is preserved
+        df4 = DataFrame({"A": np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(10), "B": "foo"})
+        store.append("df4", df4, data_columns=True)
+        expected = df4["B"]
+        result = store.select_column("df4", "B")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_pytables_native_read(datapath):
+    with ensure_clean_store(
+        datapath("io", "data", "legacy_hdf/pytables_native.h5"), mode="r"
+    ) as store:
+        d2 = store["detector/readout"]
+    assert isinstance(d2, DataFrame)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(is_platform_windows(), reason="native2 read fails oddly on windows")
+def test_pytables_native2_read(datapath):
+    with ensure_clean_store(
+        datapath("io", "data", "legacy_hdf", "pytables_native2.h5"), mode="r"
+    ) as store:
+        str(store)
+        d1 = store["detector"]
+    assert isinstance(d1, DataFrame)
+
+
+def test_legacy_table_fixed_format_read_py2(datapath):
+    # GH 24510
+    # legacy table with fixed format written in Python 2
+    with ensure_clean_store(
+        datapath("io", "data", "legacy_hdf", "legacy_table_fixed_py2.h5"), mode="r"
+    ) as store:
+        result = store.select("df")
+    expected = DataFrame(
+        [[1, 2, 3, "D"]],
+        columns=["A", "B", "C", "D"],
+        index=Index(["ABC"], name="INDEX_NAME"),
+    )
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(expected, result)
+
+
+def test_legacy_table_fixed_format_read_datetime_py2(datapath):
+    # GH 31750
+    # legacy table with fixed format and datetime64 column written in Python 2
+    expected = DataFrame(
+        [[Timestamp("2020-02-06T18:00")]],
+        columns=["A"],
+        index=Index(["date"]),
+        dtype="M8[ns]",
+    )
+    with ensure_clean_store(
+        datapath("io", "data", "legacy_hdf", "legacy_table_fixed_datetime_py2.h5"),
+        mode="r",
+    ) as store:
+        result = store.select("df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(expected, result)
+
+
+def test_legacy_table_read_py2(datapath):
+    # issue: 24925
+    # legacy table written in Python 2
+    with ensure_clean_store(
+        datapath("io", "data", "legacy_hdf", "legacy_table_py2.h5"), mode="r"
+    ) as store:
+        result = store.select("table")
+
+    expected = DataFrame({"a": ["a", "b"], "b": [2, 3]})
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(expected, result)
+
+
+def test_read_hdf_open_store(tmp_path, setup_path, using_infer_string):
+    # GH10330
+    # No check for non-string path_or-buf, and no test of open store
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+    df.index.name = "letters"
+    df = df.set_index(keys="E", append=True)
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    if using_infer_string:
+        # TODO(infer_string) make this work for string dtype
+        msg = "Saving a MultiIndex with an extension dtype is not supported."
+        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=msg):
+            df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="w")
+        return
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="w")
+    direct = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    with HDFStore(path, mode="r") as store:
+        indirect = read_hdf(store, "df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(direct, indirect)
+        assert store.is_open
+
+
+def test_read_hdf_index_not_view(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH 37441
+    # Ensure that the index of the DataFrame is not a view
+    # into the original recarray that pytables reads in
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)),
+        index=[0, 1, 2, 3],
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="w", format="table")
+
+    df2 = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    assert df2.index._data.base is None
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, df2)
+
+
+def test_read_hdf_iterator(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+    df.index.name = "letters"
+    df = df.set_index(keys="E", append=True)
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="w", format="t")
+    direct = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    iterator = read_hdf(path, "df", iterator=True)
+    with closing(iterator.store):
+        assert isinstance(iterator, TableIterator)
+        indirect = next(iterator.__iter__())
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(direct, indirect)
+
+
+def test_read_nokey(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH10443
+    df = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+
+    # Categorical dtype not supported for "fixed" format. So no need
+    # to test with that dtype in the dataframe here.
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="a")
+    reread = read_hdf(path)
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, reread)
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df2", mode="a")
+
+    msg = "key must be provided when HDF5 file contains multiple datasets."
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+        read_hdf(path)
+
+
+def test_read_nokey_table(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH13231
+    df = DataFrame({"i": range(5), "c": Series(list("abacd"), dtype="category")})
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", mode="a", format="table")
+    reread = read_hdf(path)
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, reread)
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df2", mode="a", format="table")
+
+    msg = "key must be provided when HDF5 file contains multiple datasets."
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+        read_hdf(path)
+
+
+def test_read_nokey_empty(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    store = HDFStore(path)
+    store.close()
+    msg = re.escape(
+        "Dataset(s) incompatible with Pandas data types, not table, or no "
+        "datasets found in HDF5 file."
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+        read_hdf(path)
+
+
+def test_read_from_pathlib_path(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH11773
+    expected = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+    filename = tmp_path / setup_path
+    path_obj = Path(filename)
+
+    expected.to_hdf(path_obj, key="df", mode="a")
+    actual = read_hdf(path_obj, key="df")
+
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(expected, actual)
+
+
+@td.skip_if_no("py.path")
+def test_read_from_py_localpath(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH11773
+    from py.path import local as LocalPath
+
+    expected = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).random((4, 5)),
+        index=list("abcd"),
+        columns=list("ABCDE"),
+    )
+    filename = tmp_path / setup_path
+    path_obj = LocalPath(filename)
+
+    expected.to_hdf(path_obj, key="df", mode="a")
+    actual = read_hdf(path_obj, key="df")
+
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(expected, actual)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("format", ["fixed", "table"])
+def test_read_hdf_series_mode_r(tmp_path, format, setup_path):
+    # GH 16583
+    # Tests that reading a Series saved to an HDF file
+    # still works if a mode='r' argument is supplied
+    series = Series(range(10), dtype=np.float64)
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    series.to_hdf(path, key="data", format=format)
+    result = read_hdf(path, key="data", mode="r")
+    tm.assert_series_equal(result, series)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings(r"ignore:Period with BDay freq is deprecated:FutureWarning")
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings(r"ignore:PeriodDtype\[B\] is deprecated:FutureWarning")
+def test_read_py2_hdf_file_in_py3(datapath):
+    # GH 16781
+
+    # tests reading a PeriodIndex DataFrame written in Python2 in Python3
+
+    # the file was generated in Python 2.7 like so:
+    #
+    # df = DataFrame([1.,2,3], index=pd.PeriodIndex(
+    #              ['2015-01-01', '2015-01-02', '2015-01-05'], freq='B'))
+    # df.to_hdf('periodindex_0.20.1_x86_64_darwin_2.7.13.h5', 'p')
+
+    expected = DataFrame(
+        [1.0, 2, 3],
+        index=pd.PeriodIndex(["2015-01-01", "2015-01-02", "2015-01-05"], freq="B"),
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(
+        datapath(
+            "io", "data", "legacy_hdf", "periodindex_0.20.1_x86_64_darwin_2.7.13.h5"
+        ),
+        mode="r",
+    ) as store:
+        result = store["p"]
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_read_infer_string(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH#54431
+    df = DataFrame({"a": ["a", "b", None]})
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="data", format="table")
+    with pd.option_context("future.infer_string", True):
+        result = read_hdf(path, key="data", mode="r")
+    expected = DataFrame(
+        {"a": ["a", "b", None]},
+        dtype=pd.StringDtype(na_value=np.nan),
+        columns=Index(["a"], dtype=pd.StringDtype(na_value=np.nan)),
+    )
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_retain_attributes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+import pytest
+
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    DatetimeIndex,
+    Series,
+    _testing as tm,
+    date_range,
+    errors,
+    read_hdf,
+)
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import (
+    _maybe_remove,
+    ensure_clean_store,
+)
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.single_cpu
+
+
+def test_retain_index_attributes(setup_path, unit):
+    # GH 3499, losing frequency info on index recreation
+    dti = date_range("2000-1-1", periods=3, freq="h", unit=unit)
+    df = DataFrame({"A": Series(range(3), index=dti)})
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        _maybe_remove(store, "data")
+        store.put("data", df, format="table")
+
+        result = store.get("data")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(df, result)
+
+        for attr in ["freq", "tz", "name"]:
+            for idx in ["index", "columns"]:
+                assert getattr(getattr(df, idx), attr, None) == getattr(
+                    getattr(result, idx), attr, None
+                )
+
+        dti2 = date_range("2002-1-1", periods=3, freq="D", unit=unit)
+        # try to append a table with a different frequency
+        with tm.assert_produces_warning(errors.AttributeConflictWarning):
+            df2 = DataFrame({"A": Series(range(3), index=dti2)})
+            store.append("data", df2)
+
+        assert store.get_storer("data").info["index"]["freq"] is None
+
+        # this is ok
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df2")
+        dti3 = DatetimeIndex(
+            ["2001-01-01", "2001-01-02", "2002-01-01"], dtype=f"M8[{unit}]"
+        )
+        df2 = DataFrame(
+            {
+                "A": Series(
+                    range(3),
+                    index=dti3,
+                )
+            }
+        )
+        store.append("df2", df2)
+        dti4 = date_range("2002-1-1", periods=3, freq="D", unit=unit)
+        df3 = DataFrame({"A": Series(range(3), index=dti4)})
+        store.append("df2", df3)
+
+
+def test_retain_index_attributes2(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    with tm.assert_produces_warning(errors.AttributeConflictWarning):
+        df = DataFrame(
+            {"A": Series(range(3), index=date_range("2000-1-1", periods=3, freq="h"))}
+        )
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="data", mode="w", append=True)
+        df2 = DataFrame(
+            {"A": Series(range(3), index=date_range("2002-1-1", periods=3, freq="D"))}
+        )
+
+        df2.to_hdf(path, key="data", append=True)
+
+        idx = date_range("2000-1-1", periods=3, freq="h")
+        idx.name = "foo"
+        df = DataFrame({"A": Series(range(3), index=idx)})
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="data", mode="w", append=True)
+
+    assert read_hdf(path, key="data").index.name == "foo"
+
+    with tm.assert_produces_warning(errors.AttributeConflictWarning):
+        idx2 = date_range("2001-1-1", periods=3, freq="h")
+        idx2.name = "bar"
+        df2 = DataFrame({"A": Series(range(3), index=idx2)})
+        df2.to_hdf(path, key="data", append=True)
+
+    assert read_hdf(path, "data").index.name is None

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_round_trip.py

@@ -0,0 +1,587 @@
+import datetime
+import re
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas._libs.tslibs import Timestamp
+from pandas.compat import is_platform_windows
+
+import pandas as pd
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    DatetimeIndex,
+    Index,
+    Series,
+    _testing as tm,
+    bdate_range,
+    date_range,
+    read_hdf,
+)
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import (
+    _maybe_remove,
+    ensure_clean_store,
+)
+from pandas.util import _test_decorators as td
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.single_cpu]
+
+
+def test_conv_read_write():
+    with tm.ensure_clean() as path:
+
+        def roundtrip(key, obj, **kwargs):
+            obj.to_hdf(path, key=key, **kwargs)
+            return read_hdf(path, key)
+
+        o = Series(
+            np.arange(10, dtype=np.float64), index=date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+        )
+        tm.assert_series_equal(o, roundtrip("series", o))
+
+        o = Series(range(10), dtype="float64", index=[f"i_{i}" for i in range(10)])
+        tm.assert_series_equal(o, roundtrip("string_series", o))
+
+        o = DataFrame(
+            1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+            columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+            index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)]),
+        )
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(o, roundtrip("frame", o))
+
+        # table
+        df = DataFrame({"A": range(5), "B": range(5)})
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="table", append=True)
+        result = read_hdf(path, "table", where=["index>2"])
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(df[df.index > 2], result)
+
+
+def test_long_strings(setup_path):
+    # GH6166
+    data = ["a" * 50] * 10
+    df = DataFrame({"a": data}, index=data)
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.append("df", df, data_columns=["a"])
+
+        result = store.select("df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(df, result)
+
+
+def test_api(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH4584
+    # API issue when to_hdf doesn't accept append AND format args
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    df = DataFrame(range(20))
+    df.iloc[:10].to_hdf(path, key="df", append=True, format="table")
+    df.iloc[10:].to_hdf(path, key="df", append=True, format="table")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(read_hdf(path, "df"), df)
+
+    # append to False
+    df.iloc[:10].to_hdf(path, key="df", append=False, format="table")
+    df.iloc[10:].to_hdf(path, key="df", append=True, format="table")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(read_hdf(path, "df"), df)
+
+
+def test_api_append(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    df = DataFrame(range(20))
+    df.iloc[:10].to_hdf(path, key="df", append=True)
+    df.iloc[10:].to_hdf(path, key="df", append=True, format="table")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(read_hdf(path, "df"), df)
+
+    # append to False
+    df.iloc[:10].to_hdf(path, key="df", append=False, format="table")
+    df.iloc[10:].to_hdf(path, key="df", append=True)
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(read_hdf(path, "df"), df)
+
+
+def test_api_2(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+
+    df = DataFrame(range(20))
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", append=False, format="fixed")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(read_hdf(path, "df"), df)
+
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", append=False, format="f")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(read_hdf(path, "df"), df)
+
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", append=False)
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(read_hdf(path, "df"), df)
+
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(read_hdf(path, "df"), df)
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        df = DataFrame(range(20))
+
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        store.append("df", df.iloc[:10], append=True, format="table")
+        store.append("df", df.iloc[10:], append=True, format="table")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store.select("df"), df)
+
+        # append to False
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        store.append("df", df.iloc[:10], append=False, format="table")
+        store.append("df", df.iloc[10:], append=True, format="table")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store.select("df"), df)
+
+        # formats
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        store.append("df", df.iloc[:10], append=False, format="table")
+        store.append("df", df.iloc[10:], append=True, format="table")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store.select("df"), df)
+
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        store.append("df", df.iloc[:10], append=False, format="table")
+        store.append("df", df.iloc[10:], append=True, format=None)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store.select("df"), df)
+
+
+def test_api_invalid(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    # Invalid.
+    df = DataFrame(
+        1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+        index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)]),
+    )
+
+    msg = "Can only append to Tables"
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df", append=True, format="f")
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df", append=True, format="fixed")
+
+    msg = r"invalid HDFStore format specified \[foo\]"
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df", append=True, format="foo")
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df", append=False, format="foo")
+
+    # File path doesn't exist
+    path = ""
+    msg = f"File {path} does not exist"
+
+    with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match=msg):
+        read_hdf(path, "df")
+
+
+def test_get(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store["a"] = Series(
+            np.arange(10, dtype=np.float64), index=date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+        )
+        left = store.get("a")
+        right = store["a"]
+        tm.assert_series_equal(left, right)
+
+        left = store.get("/a")
+        right = store["/a"]
+        tm.assert_series_equal(left, right)
+
+        with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="'No object named b in the file'"):
+            store.get("b")
+
+
+def test_put_integer(setup_path):
+    # non-date, non-string index
+    df = DataFrame(np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((50, 100)))
+    _check_roundtrip(df, tm.assert_frame_equal, setup_path)
+
+
+def test_table_values_dtypes_roundtrip(setup_path, using_infer_string):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        df1 = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3]}, dtype="f8")
+        store.append("df_f8", df1)
+        tm.assert_series_equal(df1.dtypes, store["df_f8"].dtypes)
+
+        df2 = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3]}, dtype="i8")
+        store.append("df_i8", df2)
+        tm.assert_series_equal(df2.dtypes, store["df_i8"].dtypes)
+
+        # incompatible dtype
+        msg = re.escape(
+            "Cannot serialize the column [a] "
+            "because its data contents are not [float] "
+            "but [integer] object dtype"
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.append("df_i8", df1)
+
+        # check creation/storage/retrieval of float32 (a bit hacky to
+        # actually create them thought)
+        df1 = DataFrame(np.array([[1], [2], [3]], dtype="f4"), columns=["A"])
+        store.append("df_f4", df1)
+        tm.assert_series_equal(df1.dtypes, store["df_f4"].dtypes)
+        assert df1.dtypes.iloc[0] == "float32"
+
+        # check with mixed dtypes
+        df1 = DataFrame(
+            {
+                c: Series(np.random.default_rng(2).integers(5), dtype=c)
+                for c in ["float32", "float64", "int32", "int64", "int16", "int8"]
+            }
+        )
+        df1["string"] = "foo"
+        df1["float322"] = 1.0
+        df1["float322"] = df1["float322"].astype("float32")
+        df1["bool"] = df1["float32"] > 0
+        df1["time1"] = Timestamp("20130101")
+        df1["time2"] = Timestamp("20130102")
+
+        store.append("df_mixed_dtypes1", df1)
+        result = store.select("df_mixed_dtypes1").dtypes.value_counts()
+        result.index = [str(i) for i in result.index]
+        str_dtype = "str" if using_infer_string else "object"
+        expected = Series(
+            {
+                "float32": 2,
+                "float64": 1,
+                "int32": 1,
+                "bool": 1,
+                "int16": 1,
+                "int8": 1,
+                "int64": 1,
+                str_dtype: 1,
+                "datetime64[ns]": 2,
+            },
+            name="count",
+        )
+        result = result.sort_index()
+        expected = expected.sort_index()
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore::pandas.errors.PerformanceWarning")
+def test_series(setup_path):
+    s = Series(range(10), dtype="float64", index=[f"i_{i}" for i in range(10)])
+    _check_roundtrip(s, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+    ts = Series(
+        np.arange(10, dtype=np.float64), index=date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+    )
+    _check_roundtrip(ts, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+    ts2 = Series(ts.index, Index(ts.index))
+    _check_roundtrip(ts2, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+    ts3 = Series(ts.values, Index(np.asarray(ts.index)))
+    _check_roundtrip(
+        ts3, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path, check_index_type=False
+    )
+
+
+def test_float_index(setup_path):
+    # GH #454
+    index = np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(10)
+    s = Series(np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(10), index=index)
+    _check_roundtrip(s, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+
+def test_tuple_index(setup_path):
+    # GH #492
+    col = np.arange(10)
+    idx = [(0.0, 1.0), (2.0, 3.0), (4.0, 5.0)]
+    data = np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(30).reshape((3, 10))
+    DF = DataFrame(data, index=idx, columns=col)
+
+    with tm.assert_produces_warning(pd.errors.PerformanceWarning):
+        _check_roundtrip(DF, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore::pandas.errors.PerformanceWarning")
+def test_index_types(setup_path):
+    values = np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(2)
+
+    func = lambda lhs, rhs: tm.assert_series_equal(lhs, rhs, check_index_type=True)
+
+    ser = Series(values, [0, "y"])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, [datetime.datetime.today(), 0])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, ["y", 0])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, [datetime.date.today(), "a"])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, [0, "y"])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, [datetime.datetime.today(), 0])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, ["y", 0])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, [datetime.date.today(), "a"])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, [1.23, "b"])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, [1, 1.53])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser = Series(values, [1, 5])
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    dti = DatetimeIndex(["2012-01-01", "2012-01-02"], dtype="M8[ns]")
+    ser = Series(values, index=dti)
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+    ser.index = ser.index.as_unit("s")
+    _check_roundtrip(ser, func, path=setup_path)
+
+
+def test_timeseries_preepoch(setup_path, request):
+    dr = bdate_range("1/1/1940", "1/1/1960")
+    ts = Series(np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(len(dr)), index=dr)
+    try:
+        _check_roundtrip(ts, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+    except OverflowError:
+        if is_platform_windows():
+            request.applymarker(
+                pytest.mark.xfail("known failure on some windows platforms")
+            )
+        raise
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "compression", [False, pytest.param(True, marks=td.skip_if_windows)]
+)
+def test_frame(compression, setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame(
+        1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+        index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)]),
+    )
+
+    # put in some random NAs
+    df.iloc[0, 0] = np.nan
+    df.iloc[5, 3] = np.nan
+
+    _check_roundtrip_table(
+        df, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path, compression=compression
+    )
+    _check_roundtrip(
+        df, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path, compression=compression
+    )
+
+    tdf = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((10, 4)),
+        columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+        index=date_range("2000-01-01", periods=10, freq="B"),
+    )
+    _check_roundtrip(
+        tdf, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path, compression=compression
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        # not consolidated
+        df["foo"] = np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(len(df))
+        store["df"] = df
+        recons = store["df"]
+        assert recons._mgr.is_consolidated()
+
+    # empty
+    df2 = df[:0]
+    # Prevent df2 from having index with inferred_type as string
+    df2.index = Index([])
+    _check_roundtrip(df2[:0], tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+
+def test_empty_series_frame(setup_path):
+    s0 = Series(dtype=object)
+    s1 = Series(name="myseries", dtype=object)
+    df0 = DataFrame()
+    df1 = DataFrame(index=["a", "b", "c"])
+    df2 = DataFrame(columns=["d", "e", "f"])
+
+    _check_roundtrip(s0, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+    _check_roundtrip(s1, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+    _check_roundtrip(df0, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+    _check_roundtrip(df1, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+    _check_roundtrip(df2, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [np.int64, np.float64, object, "m8[ns]", "M8[ns]"])
+def test_empty_series(dtype, setup_path):
+    s = Series(dtype=dtype)
+    _check_roundtrip(s, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+
+def test_can_serialize_dates(setup_path):
+    rng = [x.date() for x in bdate_range("1/1/2000", "1/30/2000")]
+    frame = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((len(rng), 4)), index=rng
+    )
+
+    _check_roundtrip(frame, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+
+def test_store_hierarchical(
+    setup_path, using_infer_string, multiindex_dataframe_random_data
+):
+    frame = multiindex_dataframe_random_data
+
+    if using_infer_string:
+        # TODO(infer_string) make this work for string dtype
+        msg = "Saving a MultiIndex with an extension dtype is not supported."
+        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=msg):
+            _check_roundtrip(frame, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+        return
+    _check_roundtrip(frame, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+    _check_roundtrip(frame.T, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+    _check_roundtrip(frame["A"], tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+    # check that the names are stored
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store["frame"] = frame
+        recons = store["frame"]
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(recons, frame)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "compression", [False, pytest.param(True, marks=td.skip_if_windows)]
+)
+def test_store_mixed(compression, setup_path):
+    def _make_one():
+        df = DataFrame(
+            1.1 * np.arange(120).reshape((30, 4)),
+            columns=Index(list("ABCD")),
+            index=Index([f"i-{i}" for i in range(30)]),
+        )
+        df["obj1"] = "foo"
+        df["obj2"] = "bar"
+        df["bool1"] = df["A"] > 0
+        df["bool2"] = df["B"] > 0
+        df["int1"] = 1
+        df["int2"] = 2
+        return df._consolidate()
+
+    df1 = _make_one()
+    df2 = _make_one()
+
+    _check_roundtrip(df1, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+    _check_roundtrip(df2, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store["obj"] = df1
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["obj"], df1)
+        store["obj"] = df2
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(store["obj"], df2)
+
+    # check that can store Series of all of these types
+    _check_roundtrip(
+        df1["obj1"],
+        tm.assert_series_equal,
+        path=setup_path,
+        compression=compression,
+    )
+    _check_roundtrip(
+        df1["bool1"],
+        tm.assert_series_equal,
+        path=setup_path,
+        compression=compression,
+    )
+    _check_roundtrip(
+        df1["int1"],
+        tm.assert_series_equal,
+        path=setup_path,
+        compression=compression,
+    )
+
+
+def _check_roundtrip(obj, comparator, path, compression=False, **kwargs):
+    options = {}
+    if compression:
+        options["complib"] = "blosc"
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(path, "w", **options) as store:
+        store["obj"] = obj
+        retrieved = store["obj"]
+        comparator(retrieved, obj, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _check_roundtrip_table(obj, comparator, path, compression=False):
+    options = {}
+    if compression:
+        options["complib"] = "blosc"
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(path, "w", **options) as store:
+        store.put("obj", obj, format="table")
+        retrieved = store["obj"]
+
+        comparator(retrieved, obj)
+
+
+def test_unicode_index(setup_path):
+    unicode_values = ["\u03c3", "\u03c3\u03c3"]
+
+    s = Series(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(len(unicode_values)),
+        unicode_values,
+    )
+    _check_roundtrip(s, tm.assert_series_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+
+def test_unicode_longer_encoded(setup_path):
+    # GH 11234
+    char = "\u0394"
+    df = DataFrame({"A": [char]})
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.put("df", df, format="table", encoding="utf-8")
+        result = store.get("df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+    df = DataFrame({"A": ["a", char], "B": ["b", "b"]})
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.put("df", df, format="table", encoding="utf-8")
+        result = store.get("df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+
+def test_store_datetime_mixed(setup_path):
+    df = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0], "c": ["a", "b", "c"]})
+    ts = Series(
+        np.arange(10, dtype=np.float64), index=date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+    )
+    df["d"] = ts.index[:3]
+    _check_roundtrip(df, tm.assert_frame_equal, path=setup_path)
+
+
+def test_round_trip_equals(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH 9330
+    df = DataFrame({"B": [1, 2], "A": ["x", "y"]})
+
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    df.to_hdf(path, key="df", format="table")
+    other = read_hdf(path, "df")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(df, other)
+    assert df.equals(other)
+    assert other.equals(df)
+
+
+def test_infer_string_columns(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH#
+    pytest.importorskip("pyarrow")
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    with pd.option_context("future.infer_string", True):
+        df = DataFrame(1, columns=list("ABCD"), index=list(range(10))).set_index(
+            ["A", "B"]
+        )
+        expected = df.copy()
+        df.to_hdf(path, key="df", format="table")
+
+        result = read_hdf(path, "df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_subclass.py

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    Series,
+)
+import pandas._testing as tm
+
+from pandas.io.pytables import (
+    HDFStore,
+    read_hdf,
+)
+
+pytest.importorskip("tables")
+
+
+class TestHDFStoreSubclass:
+    # GH 33748
+    def test_supported_for_subclass_dataframe(self, tmp_path):
+        data = {"a": [1, 2], "b": [3, 4]}
+        sdf = tm.SubclassedDataFrame(data, dtype=np.intp)
+
+        expected = DataFrame(data, dtype=np.intp)
+
+        path = tmp_path / "temp.h5"
+        sdf.to_hdf(path, key="df")
+        result = read_hdf(path, "df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+        path = tmp_path / "temp.h5"
+        with HDFStore(path) as store:
+            store.put("df", sdf)
+        result = read_hdf(path, "df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    def test_supported_for_subclass_series(self, tmp_path):
+        data = [1, 2, 3]
+        sser = tm.SubclassedSeries(data, dtype=np.intp)
+
+        expected = Series(data, dtype=np.intp)
+
+        path = tmp_path / "temp.h5"
+        sser.to_hdf(path, key="ser")
+        result = read_hdf(path, "ser")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
+
+        path = tmp_path / "temp.h5"
+        with HDFStore(path) as store:
+            store.put("ser", sser)
+        result = read_hdf(path, "ser")
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_time_series.py

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import datetime
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    DatetimeIndex,
+    Series,
+    _testing as tm,
+    date_range,
+    period_range,
+)
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import ensure_clean_store
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.single_cpu
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["us", "ns"])
+def test_store_datetime_fractional_secs(setup_path, unit):
+    dt = datetime.datetime(2012, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 123456)
+    dti = DatetimeIndex([dt], dtype=f"M8[{unit}]")
+    series = Series([0], index=dti)
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store["a"] = series
+        assert store["a"].index[0] == dt
+
+
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings(r"ignore:PeriodDtype\[B\] is deprecated:FutureWarning")
+def test_tseries_indices_series(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        idx = date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+        ser = Series(np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(len(idx)), idx)
+        store["a"] = ser
+        result = store["a"]
+
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, ser)
+        assert result.index.freq == ser.index.freq
+        tm.assert_class_equal(result.index, ser.index, obj="series index")
+
+        idx = period_range("2020-01-01", periods=10, freq="D")
+        ser = Series(np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal(len(idx)), idx)
+        store["a"] = ser
+        result = store["a"]
+
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, ser)
+        assert result.index.freq == ser.index.freq
+        tm.assert_class_equal(result.index, ser.index, obj="series index")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings(r"ignore:PeriodDtype\[B\] is deprecated:FutureWarning")
+def test_tseries_indices_frame(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        idx = date_range("2020-01-01", periods=10)
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((len(idx), 3)), index=idx
+        )
+        store["a"] = df
+        result = store["a"]
+
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+        assert result.index.freq == df.index.freq
+        tm.assert_class_equal(result.index, df.index, obj="dataframe index")
+
+        idx = period_range("2020-01-01", periods=10, freq="D")
+        df = DataFrame(np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((len(idx), 3)), idx)
+        store["a"] = df
+        result = store["a"]
+
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+        assert result.index.freq == df.index.freq
+        tm.assert_class_equal(result.index, df.index, obj="dataframe index")

lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_timezones.py

@@ -0,0 +1,378 @@
+from datetime import (
+    date,
+    timedelta,
+)
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from pandas._libs.tslibs.timezones import maybe_get_tz
+import pandas.util._test_decorators as td
+
+import pandas as pd
+from pandas import (
+    DataFrame,
+    DatetimeIndex,
+    Series,
+    Timestamp,
+    date_range,
+)
+import pandas._testing as tm
+from pandas.tests.io.pytables.common import (
+    _maybe_remove,
+    ensure_clean_store,
+)
+
+
+def _compare_with_tz(a, b):
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(a, b)
+
+    # compare the zones on each element
+    for c in a.columns:
+        for i in a.index:
+            a_e = a.loc[i, c]
+            b_e = b.loc[i, c]
+            if not (a_e == b_e and a_e.tz == b_e.tz):
+                raise AssertionError(f"invalid tz comparison [{a_e}] [{b_e}]")
+
+
+# use maybe_get_tz instead of dateutil.tz.gettz to handle the windows
+# filename issues.
+gettz_dateutil = lambda x: maybe_get_tz("dateutil/" + x)
+gettz_pytz = lambda x: x
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("gettz", [gettz_dateutil, gettz_pytz])
+def test_append_with_timezones(setup_path, gettz):
+    # as columns
+
+    # Single-tzinfo, no DST transition
+    df_est = DataFrame(
+        {
+            "A": [
+                Timestamp("20130102 2:00:00", tz=gettz("US/Eastern")).as_unit("ns")
+                + timedelta(hours=1) * i
+                for i in range(5)
+            ]
+        }
+    )
+
+    # frame with all columns having same tzinfo, but different sides
+    #  of DST transition
+    df_crosses_dst = DataFrame(
+        {
+            "A": Timestamp("20130102", tz=gettz("US/Eastern")).as_unit("ns"),
+            "B": Timestamp("20130603", tz=gettz("US/Eastern")).as_unit("ns"),
+        },
+        index=range(5),
+    )
+
+    df_mixed_tz = DataFrame(
+        {
+            "A": Timestamp("20130102", tz=gettz("US/Eastern")).as_unit("ns"),
+            "B": Timestamp("20130102", tz=gettz("EET")).as_unit("ns"),
+        },
+        index=range(5),
+    )
+
+    df_different_tz = DataFrame(
+        {
+            "A": Timestamp("20130102", tz=gettz("US/Eastern")).as_unit("ns"),
+            "B": Timestamp("20130102", tz=gettz("CET")).as_unit("ns"),
+        },
+        index=range(5),
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df_tz")
+        store.append("df_tz", df_est, data_columns=["A"])
+        result = store["df_tz"]
+        _compare_with_tz(result, df_est)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df_est)
+
+        # select with tz aware
+        expected = df_est[df_est.A >= df_est.A[3]]
+        result = store.select("df_tz", where="A>=df_est.A[3]")
+        _compare_with_tz(result, expected)
+
+        # ensure we include dates in DST and STD time here.
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df_tz")
+        store.append("df_tz", df_crosses_dst)
+        result = store["df_tz"]
+        _compare_with_tz(result, df_crosses_dst)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df_crosses_dst)
+
+        msg = (
+            r"invalid info for \[values_block_1\] for \[tz\], "
+            r"existing_value \[(dateutil/.*)?(US/Eastern|America/New_York)\] "
+            r"conflicts with new value \[(dateutil/.*)?EET\]"
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.append("df_tz", df_mixed_tz)
+
+        # this is ok
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df_tz")
+        store.append("df_tz", df_mixed_tz, data_columns=["A", "B"])
+        result = store["df_tz"]
+        _compare_with_tz(result, df_mixed_tz)
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df_mixed_tz)
+
+        # can't append with diff timezone
+        msg = (
+            r"invalid info for \[B\] for \[tz\], "
+            r"existing_value \[(dateutil/.*)?EET\] "
+            r"conflicts with new value \[(dateutil/.*)?CET\]"
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            store.append("df_tz", df_different_tz)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("gettz", [gettz_dateutil, gettz_pytz])
+def test_append_with_timezones_as_index(setup_path, gettz):
+    # GH#4098 example
+
+    dti = date_range("2000-1-1", periods=3, freq="h", tz=gettz("US/Eastern"))
+    dti = dti._with_freq(None)  # freq doesn't round-trip
+
+    df = DataFrame({"A": Series(range(3), index=dti)})
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        store.put("df", df)
+        result = store.select("df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        store.append("df", df)
+        result = store.select("df")
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+
+def test_roundtrip_tz_aware_index(setup_path, unit):
+    # GH 17618
+    ts = Timestamp("2000-01-01 01:00:00", tz="US/Eastern")
+    dti = DatetimeIndex([ts]).as_unit(unit)
+    df = DataFrame(data=[0], index=dti)
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.put("frame", df, format="fixed")
+        recons = store["frame"]
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(recons, df)
+
+    value = recons.index[0]._value
+    denom = {"ns": 1, "us": 1000, "ms": 10**6, "s": 10**9}[unit]
+    assert value == 946706400000000000 // denom
+
+
+def test_store_index_name_with_tz(setup_path):
+    # GH 13884
+    df = DataFrame({"A": [1, 2]})
+    df.index = DatetimeIndex([1234567890123456787, 1234567890123456788])
+    df.index = df.index.tz_localize("UTC")
+    df.index.name = "foo"
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.put("frame", df, format="table")
+        recons = store["frame"]
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(recons, df)
+
+
+def test_tseries_select_index_column(setup_path):
+    # GH7777
+    # selecting a UTC datetimeindex column did
+    # not preserve UTC tzinfo set before storing
+
+    # check that no tz still works
+    rng = date_range("1/1/2000", "1/30/2000")
+    frame = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((len(rng), 4)), index=rng
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.append("frame", frame)
+        result = store.select_column("frame", "index")
+        assert rng.tz == DatetimeIndex(result.values).tz
+
+    # check utc
+    rng = date_range("1/1/2000", "1/30/2000", tz="UTC")
+    frame = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((len(rng), 4)), index=rng
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.append("frame", frame)
+        result = store.select_column("frame", "index")
+        assert rng.tz == result.dt.tz
+
+    # double check non-utc
+    rng = date_range("1/1/2000", "1/30/2000", tz="US/Eastern")
+    frame = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((len(rng), 4)), index=rng
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store.append("frame", frame)
+        result = store.select_column("frame", "index")
+        assert rng.tz == result.dt.tz
+
+
+def test_timezones_fixed_format_frame_non_empty(setup_path):
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        # index
+        rng = date_range("1/1/2000", "1/30/2000", tz="US/Eastern")
+        rng = rng._with_freq(None)  # freq doesn't round-trip
+        df = DataFrame(
+            np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((len(rng), 4)), index=rng
+        )
+        store["df"] = df
+        result = store["df"]
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+        # as data
+        # GH11411
+        _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+        df = DataFrame(
+            {
+                "A": rng,
+                "B": rng.tz_convert("UTC").tz_localize(None),
+                "C": rng.tz_convert("CET"),
+                "D": range(len(rng)),
+            },
+            index=rng,
+        )
+        store["df"] = df
+        result = store["df"]
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+
+def test_timezones_fixed_format_empty(setup_path, tz_aware_fixture, frame_or_series):
+    # GH 20594
+
+    dtype = pd.DatetimeTZDtype(tz=tz_aware_fixture)
+
+    obj = Series(dtype=dtype, name="A")
+    if frame_or_series is DataFrame:
+        obj = obj.to_frame()
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store["obj"] = obj
+        result = store["obj"]
+        tm.assert_equal(result, obj)
+
+
+def test_timezones_fixed_format_series_nonempty(setup_path, tz_aware_fixture):
+    # GH 20594
+
+    dtype = pd.DatetimeTZDtype(tz=tz_aware_fixture)
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        s = Series([0], dtype=dtype)
+        store["s"] = s
+        result = store["s"]
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, s)
+
+
+def test_fixed_offset_tz(setup_path):
+    rng = date_range("1/1/2000 00:00:00-07:00", "1/30/2000 00:00:00-07:00")
+    frame = DataFrame(
+        np.random.default_rng(2).standard_normal((len(rng), 4)), index=rng
+    )
+
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        store["frame"] = frame
+        recons = store["frame"]
+        tm.assert_index_equal(recons.index, rng)
+        assert rng.tz == recons.index.tz
+
+
+@td.skip_if_windows
+def test_store_timezone(setup_path):
+    # GH2852
+    # issue storing datetime.date with a timezone as it resets when read
+    # back in a new timezone
+
+    # original method
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        today = date(2013, 9, 10)
+        df = DataFrame([1, 2, 3], index=[today, today, today])
+        store["obj1"] = df
+        result = store["obj1"]
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+    # with tz setting
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        with tm.set_timezone("EST5EDT"):
+            today = date(2013, 9, 10)
+            df = DataFrame([1, 2, 3], index=[today, today, today])
+            store["obj1"] = df
+
+        with tm.set_timezone("CST6CDT"):
+            result = store["obj1"]
+
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+
+def test_legacy_datetimetz_object(datapath):
+    # legacy from < 0.17.0
+    # 8260
+    expected = DataFrame(
+        {
+            "A": Timestamp("20130102", tz="US/Eastern").as_unit("ns"),
+            "B": Timestamp("20130603", tz="CET").as_unit("ns"),
+        },
+        index=range(5),
+    )
+    with ensure_clean_store(
+        datapath("io", "data", "legacy_hdf", "datetimetz_object.h5"), mode="r"
+    ) as store:
+        result = store["df"]
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_dst_transitions(setup_path):
+    # make sure we are not failing on transitions
+    with ensure_clean_store(setup_path) as store:
+        times = date_range(
+            "2013-10-26 23:00",
+            "2013-10-27 01:00",
+            tz="Europe/London",
+            freq="h",
+            ambiguous="infer",
+        )
+        times = times._with_freq(None)  # freq doesn't round-trip
+
+        for i in [times, times + pd.Timedelta("10min")]:
+            _maybe_remove(store, "df")
+            df = DataFrame({"A": range(len(i)), "B": i}, index=i)
+            store.append("df", df)
+            result = store.select("df")
+            tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
+
+
+def test_read_with_where_tz_aware_index(tmp_path, setup_path):
+    # GH 11926
+    periods = 10
+    dts = date_range("20151201", periods=periods, freq="D", tz="UTC")
+    mi = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays([dts, range(periods)], names=["DATE", "NO"])
+    expected = DataFrame({"MYCOL": 0}, index=mi)
+
+    key = "mykey"
+    path = tmp_path / setup_path
+    with pd.HDFStore(path) as store:
+        store.append(key, expected, format="table", append=True)
+    result = pd.read_hdf(path, key, where="DATE > 20151130")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_py2_created_with_datetimez(datapath):
+    # The test HDF5 file was created in Python 2, but could not be read in
+    # Python 3.
+    #
+    # GH26443
+    index = DatetimeIndex(["2019-01-01T18:00"], dtype="M8[ns, America/New_York]")
+    expected = DataFrame({"data": 123}, index=index)
+    with ensure_clean_store(
+        datapath("io", "data", "legacy_hdf", "gh26443.h5"), mode="r"
+    ) as store:
+        result = store["key"]
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)